"[66] Definitions of Oceania which include Taiwan are extremely rare, due to their historical ties to mainland Asia, their proximity to China (being 180 km removed), and the fact that they lie on the continental shelf of Asia. [39], Occasionally, all of the Malay Archipelago is included in Oceania, although this is extremely rare, especially as most of the archipelago lies on the Asian continental shelf. The rich valley between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in western Asia is called the Fertile Crescent for its place in the development of agriculture and human civilization.Asia is the most mountainous of all the continents. Platforms are cratons with sediment andsedimentary rocklying on top.The Canadian Shield makes up about a quarter of North America. Additionally, the adjacent Venezuelan islands of Nueva Esparta and the islands of the Venezuelan Federal Dependencies can be considered to be a part of the Caribbean instead of part of South America. The worlds largest coral reef ecosystem, it is home to thousands of species of fish, sponges, marine mammals, corals, andcrustaceans. Canadas Bay of Fundy has the greatest variation oftidelevels in the world. Antarctica is larger than Europe or Australia, but unlike those continents, it has nopermanent human population. The continents of Europe and Asia, for example, are actually part of a single,enormouspiece of land called Eurasia. The uninhabited Spanish unincorporated overseas minor territories, known as the plazas de soberana ("Localities of Sovereignty"),[19] are small islands that lie immediately adjacent to the North African coastline, with the exception of Pen de Vlez de la Gomera, which was originally an island like the other 'localities' but has subsequently become directly connected to the Moroccan (African) mainland. [25] The Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands were uninhabited when discovered by Europeans, with some theorizing that the Falklands were visited by Indigenous peoples of the Americas during prehistoric times. The eastern half of the island is a part of Papua New Guinea which is considered to be a part of Oceania. A very small portion of the total land area is made up of islands that are not considered physical parts of continents. [102][103], The Council of Europe includes transcontinental or Eurasian states, such as Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey as members. Cyprus is an island of the Mediterranean located on the Asian continental shelf, geologically a part of the Anatolian Plate and adjacent to Asia Minor, by which it is sometimes associated with Asia (Western Asia), as in the United Nations geoscheme. The Galpagos Islands and Malpelo Island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean are possessions of Ecuador and Colombia, respectively. This area is thought to be the place wherehominids began to evolve.The entire continent of Africa sits on the African Plate.AsiaAsia, the largest continent, stretches from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the western Pacific Ocean. The Auckland Islands could be considered part of Oceania on cultural grounds rather than mere political grounds, as they are believed to be the southernmost island group to have been settled by Polynesians during prehistoric times. [33][34][35][4] Indonesia's current ownership of Western New Guinea makes it a transcontinental country; Western New Guinea is often considered part of Oceania because of its Indigenous Melanesian inhabitants and geological association with the Australian continental landmass. When the continent began to break away from Antarctica more than 60 million years ago, it carried acargoof animals with it. All rights reserved. Europe and Asia are considered as separate continents because of the physical features and water bodies that mark their boundaries, such as the Caucasus Mountains, and the Black and Caspian. The Greek North Aegean islands and the Dodecanese lie on the coast of the Asian part of Turkey (on the Asian continental shelf). [126] They too are associated with both the American continent and Oceania. [93] Russia is historically, culturally, and politically a European state, with a history of imperial conquests in Asia. As the ocean does not separate the two continents, they both exist on the same landmass. Bermuda, the Australian Indian Ocean Territories) or by common geopolitical convention (e.g. Madagascar and Seychelles). Macquarie Island is theorized to have possibly had contact with Polynesians, although there is no archaeological evidence to support this. Several slightly different conventions are in use. [1] An island can be considered to be associated with a given continent by either lying on the continent's adjacent continental shelf (e.g. TheGreat Lakesform the planets largest area offreshwater. [31][32], The continental boundary between Asia and Australia is somewhere in the Wallacean region of the Malay Archipelago. [94] The Turkish city Istanbul is a transcontinental city due to its location on both sides of the Bosporus (one of the Turkish Straits). [4] The Greenland national football team, while not officially part of any confederation, has historically competed against teams from Europe, rather than North America. Another example is the grouping into Oceania of the Pacific Islands with Australia and Zealandia. This makes the Sinai Peninsula geographically Asian, and Egypt a transcontinental country. Where Europe and Asia Meet When a distinction is made, the line has not always been drawn in quite the same place. The Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, and Taiwan are major island nations in Asia.Most of Asias people live in cities or fertile farming areas near rivervalleys, plains, and coasts. There is no Europe but it is a part of Asia. [127] Until 2007, Clipperton was administratively part of French Polynesia (formerly French Oceania). Continents make up mostbut not allof Earths land surface. Mediterranean Sea, an intercontinental sea that stretches from the Atlantic Ocean on the west to Asia on the east and separates Europe from Africa. One way mountains form is through the collision of two tectonic plates. The boundary between Europe and Asia exists on paper. Is Eurasia bigger than Africa? In the younger regions, the process of mountain building has happened recently and often continues to happen.The power for mountain building, ororogeny, comes from plate tectonics. The Suez Canal happens to traverse the isthmus between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, dividing Africa and Asia. Another puts the western portion of the Caucasus region in Europe and the eastern part (the bulk of Azerbaijan and small portions of Armenia, Georgia, and Russia's Caspian Sea coast) in Asia. What does Europe and Asia share? The most active volcano is Mount Erebus, which is less than 1,392 kilometers (870 miles) from the South Pole. [21][22] The World Factbook categorizes these islands as part of Antarctica rather than Oceania. We transform efficiency in commercial, business and defence aviation through supporting over 1000 airlines across 100 countries. The island was never inhabited, yet it was known about by the natives of Easter Island during prehistoric times. The Russian Arctic archipelago of Franz Josef Land farther north is also associated with Europe. You cannot download interactives. What mountain range runs north and south through Russia and separates Europe from Asia? [136][137] Some consider the islands to be the easternmost areas of the Oceanian biogeographical realm. Scientiststheorizethat this material built up along the boundaries of tectonic plates during a process calledsubduction. The Prince Edward Islands are located between Africa and Antarctica, and are the territory of South Africa, an African country. The countries of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Somalia sit on the Horn of Africa and the Somali Plate.Africa is home to 56 countries but only 14 percent of the worlds total population. Both are located on the Nazca Plate and to the east of Salas y Gmez and Easter Island. Clipperton remains uninhabited, and its marine fauna maintains interconnectivity to the marine fauna of Hawaii and Kiribati's Line Islands, with the island being labelled as a stepping stone between the south central Pacific and the southeastern Pacific. [134] Similar to Easter Island, and just to the northeast of it, is the nearby uninhabited Salas y Gmez Island of Chile, which is also considered to be geographically in Oceania while associated with South America politically. Once melted, the rock became lighter. [26][27] These theories are usually considered dubious, as there is no archaeological evidence indicating prehistoric human inhabitation on the Falklands. On the eastern extremity of the region there were some influences from the Americas, but these were minimal. Which mountain separates Europe from India? The two other Spanish territories are the exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, which are two populated coastal cities located directly on the African mainland, both bordering only Morocco. Which Strait separates Europe and Asia? The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by a narrow passage called the Strait of Gibraltar. It is the mostsparsely populated continent, after Antarctica.A plateau in the middle of mainland Australia makes up most of the continents total area. There are three overland boundaries subject to definition: While today the isthmus between Asia and Africa is navigable via the Suez Canal, and that between North and South America via the Panama Canal, these artificial channels are not generally accepted as continent-defining boundaries in themselves. This puts Georgia in Asia. Greenland is geographically part of North America. Be that as it may, they share a common boundary, which is West of Europe, and passes by the name Peninsulas of Eurasia. Tick the correct answer. Europe is considered a separate continent from Asia because of its distinct historical, cultural, and political identity, rather than any clear geographical demarcation. One commonly accepted border follows the Aegean Sea, the DardanellesSea of MarmaraBosporus (together known as the Turkish Straits), the Black Sea, along the watershed of the Greater Caucasus, the northwestern portion of the Caspian Sea, and along the Ural River and Ural Mountains to the Kara Sea, as mapped and listed in most atlases including that of the National Geographic Society and as described in The World Factbook. All continents border at least one ocean. Parts of Baja California and the Mexican states of Baja California Sur, Sonora, Sinaloa, and Jalisco sit on the Cocos Plate. Geologists have already named the two parts of the African Plate. Water flows more than 979 meters (3,212 feet)almost a mile. Question 5. Thus, these Venezuelan lands could consequently be placed in North America instead. [120] The French possession of Clipperton Island lies on the Pacific Plate, about 1,000 km off the Mexican coast, and roughly 300 km to the south of Mexico's oceanic Revillagigedo Islands, which are also on the Pacific Plate. In California,giant sequoias, the worlds most massive trees, grow more than 76 meters (250 feet) tall and nearly 31 meters (100 feet) around.Greenland, off the east coast of Canada, is the worlds largest island. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. As the landmass of India pushes northward into the landmass of Eurasia, parts of the Himalayas rise at a rate of about 2.5 centimeters (one inch) every five years.Asia contains, not only, Earths highest elevation, but also its lowest place on land: the shores of the Dead Sea in the countries of Israel and Jordan. The African and European mainlands are non-contiguous, and the delineation between these continents is thus merely a question of which islands are to be associated with which continent. But maps produced during the 16th to 18th centuries tended to differ in how to continue the boundary beyond the Don bend at Kalach-na-Donu (where it is closest to the Volga, now joined with it by the VolgaDon Canal), into territory not described in any detail by the ancient geographers. 27 days ago. Akin to Clipperton and Galpagos, the Desventuradas Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands were uninhabited prior to European discovery. The continental boundaries are considered to be within the very narrow land connections joining the continents. Both are members of the African Union. Hilly uplands and mountains rise in some areas of the interior. Greatmountain ranges have risen and then have been worn away. Europe is the second-smallest continent. Continuous, slow movement of tectonic plates also changes surface features.The rocks that form the continents have been shaped and reshaped many times. Three of these are administered by France, and three of these are administered by Spain. His border followed the chains of the Ural Mountains; Emba River to the north coast of the Caspian Sea, and the Kuma-Manych Depression which exists on the Black Sea. These mostly uninhabited islands are located at some distance southeast of the Japanese archipelago. In the modern sense of the term "continent", Eurasia is more readily identifiable as a "continent", and Europe has occasionally been described as a subcontinent of Eurasia. However, the Austronesians of the Malay Archipelago had significant contact with mainland Asia during prehistoric times, unlike with the Austronesians and Indigenous Australians of Oceania, who were isolated from the culture of Asia and the eastern world. With an area of 17,098,246 km 2, Russia is almost twice the size of Europe, more than one-third of Asia, and one-eighth of the earth's inhabited area. Asia, the largest continent, has the longest series ofcoastlines.Coastlines, however, do notindicatethe actual boundaries of the continents. These mountains have become major destination spots for adventurous travelers.Plate tectonics continuously push the mountains higher. This most notably includes the British Isles (part of the European continental shelf and during the Ice Age of the continent itself); the islands of the North Sea, the Baltic Sea, and the Mediterranean that are part of the territory of a country situated on the European mainland; the Azores on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, part of Portugal; and usually also the island states of Iceland (part of Norway and/or Denmark from 13th to early 20th centuries) and Malta. [85][86] According to this particular definition, Georgia is a transcontinental country with some of its northern portions (such as Kazbegi Municipality, Khevsureti, and Tusheti) geographically located in Eastern Europe, north of the Greater Caucasus Watershed, whereas the country's south is arguably in Asia. Every continent has a craton. Why is Europe a continent of its own? More than a third of the worlds people live in China and India alone.The continent of Asia includes many islands, some of them countries. The geographical notion of a continent stands in opposition to islands and archipelagos. Antarctica is also an ideal place for discoveringmeteorites, or stony objects that have impacted Earth from space. . The separation of Europe from Asia was the effort of European geographers and scholars who sought to separate their region of the world. Overview of the boundaries between Earth's main geographical regions, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, Glaciers on Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania sit just kilometers from the tropical jungles below. [133] Easter Island under Chilean rule has still made attempts to become politically involved with the rest of the South Pacific,[37] and has considered gaining representation in the Pacific Islands Forum, which includes Australia, New Zealand and most of the Pacific Island nations/territories. In the 19th century, many geographers divided up Oceania into mostly racially-based subdivisions; Australasia, Malaysia (encompassing the Malay Archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. What landforms are unique to Asia? The North American Plate carries eastern Siberia and the northern islands of Japan.AustraliaIn addition to being the smallest continent, Australia is the flattest and the second-driest, after Antarctica. One widely accepted scheme draws the dividing line along the crest of the Greater Caucasus range, putting the portion of the region north of the line in Europe and the portion south of it in Asia. Mainland Australia is known for theOutback, a desert area in the interior. This ancient "sea between the lands" occupies a deep, elongated, and almost landlocked irregular depression lying between latitudes 30 and 46 N and longitudes 550 W and 36 . A continental shelf is part of the ocean, but also part of the continent.To geographers, continents are also culturally distinct. All of these Mediterranean islands, including Malta and Sicily, are actually located on the African Plate, and could be considered part of the African continent geologically. The plate carrying India slowly and forcefully shoved the landmass of India into Asia, which was riding on another plate. North America and Europe are moving away from each other at the rate of about 2.5 centimeters (one inch) per year. This was also the case with other Polynesian islands, including Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau, who lost significant amounts of their populations through the Peruvian kidnappings. Early Europeans learned the river systems of the Volga, Danube, Don, Rhine, and Po, and could successfully travel the length and width of the small continent fortrade,communication, orconquest.Navigation and exploration outside of Europe was an important part of the development of the continentseconomic, social, linguistic, and politicallegacy. Parts of California and the Mexican state of Baja California sit on the enormous Pacific Plate. However, the population of Europe is more than twice that of South America. North America has deepcanyons, such as Copper Canyon in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. By the mid-19th century, there were three main conventions, one following the Don, the VolgaDon Canal and the Volga, the other following the KumaManych Depression to the Caspian and then the Ural River, and the third abandoning the Don altogether, following the Greater Caucasus watershed to the Caspian. Millions of years of continuous tectonic activity changed their positions, and by 240 million years ago, almost all of the worlds land was joined in a single, huge continent. The moving ice wore away material on top of ancient rock layers, exposing some of the oldest formations on Earth. The number of continents is most commonly considered seven (in English-speaking countries) but may range as low as four when Afro-Eurasia and the Americas are both considered a single continent. This Ice Agereached its peak about 18,000 years ago. The Hawaiian Islands, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean on the Pacific Plate, are usually considered part of North America.South AmericaSouth America is connected to North America by the narrow Isthmus of Panama. Ural Mountains, which form the boundary between Europe and Asia. Asia Minor. It was a member from 1975 to 1989, but now competes as part of the Asian Football Confederation. In the far north, the continent stretches halfway around the world, from Greenland to the Aleutians. The red sea c. The rhine d. The alps 2 See answers Advertisement Heard Island has only been visited 240 times throughout its entire history, and the McDonald Islands have only ever been visited twice, in 1971 and 1980. [35][55] To the north of Japan is the disputed Kuril Islands, currently administered by Russia. South America is the fourth-largest continent and extends from the sunny beaches of the Caribbean Sea to thefrigidwaters near the Antarctic Circle.South Americas southernmost islands, calledTierra del Fuego, are less than 1,120 kilometers (700 miles) from Antarctica. Due to the fact that the Kazakhs are an Asian people, after the collapse of the USSR, the option according to which the border of Europe runs from the Caspian Sea along the state border between Russia and Kazakhstan to the Ural River has also gained popularity. [58] The presence of these teams in the AFC is not necessarily related to geography or politics, but rather because the Asian Football Confederation have far more resources than the Oceania Football Confederation. In winter, Antarcticas surface area may double aspack icebuilds up in the ocean around the continent.Like all other continents, Antarctica has volcanic activity. the Alps. "[43], The United Nations and The World Factbook categorize the Australian Indian Ocean external territories of Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands (both geographically adjacent to Java) as being part of Oceania, rather than Asia. [51] Scientific journal PLOS One describe Easter Island, the Desventurudas Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands and Salas y Gmez (collectively titled Insular Chile) as having "cultural and ecological connections to the broader insular Pacific."[137]. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the 18th century, the traditional division of the landmass of Eurasia into two continents, Asia and Europe, followed Ptolemy, with the boundary following the Turkish Straits, the Black Sea, the Kerch Strait, the Sea of Azov and the Don (known in antiquity as the Tanais). The middle area hassavannas, or flat, grassy plains. One was drawn along the Volga-Don Canal, the second following the Kuma-Manych Depression to Ural River while the third convention follows the Greater Caucasus Watershed to the Caspian Sea. They have oceanic geology, making them distinct from both mainland Asia and mainland Australia. The threefold system by Herodotus divided the old world into three: Europe, Africa, and Asia. On the other hand, as early as 1670 John Ogilby under the title Africa published "an accurate Description of the Regions of Egypt, Barbary, Libya, and Billedulgerid, the Land of Negroes, Guinea, thiopia, and the Abyssines, with all the adjacent Islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantic, Southern, or Oriental Seas, belonging thereunto". Earth Science, Geology, Geography, Physical Geography. Which mountain range separates India from Europe? Only Oceania has less landmass. Rainfall is light on the plateau, and not many people have settled there. Its ice is aremnantof the great ice sheets that onceblanketed much of the North American continent. [36][37] East Timor, an independent state that was formerly a part of Indonesia, is classified by the United Nations as a part of the South-eastern Asia subregion. Ans: 1st there are only 6 continents are considered. The continuous smashing of spacedebrisand the pull ofgravitymade the inside of Earth heat up. The Falkland Islands have historically had a British population, with a distinct culture to that of mainland South America. [4] Indonesia is commonly referred to as one of the Southeast Asian countries. The Mountain range averages 3,000 to 4,000 feet above the sea level. Sometimes Europe and Asia are lumped together into one continent called Eurasia (Eurasian plate) since they're connected by land. None are discrete political entities like Heard Island and McDonald Islands. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Only Oceania has less landmass. Runion is an island territory located near the island country of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar (both nominally considered part of the African continent). The landmassess averageelevationabovesea levelis about 838 meters (2,750 feet).Although each isunique, all the continents share two basic features: old, geologicallystableregions, and younger, somewhat more activeregions. The Ural Mountain range the natural boundary between Europe and Asia extends about 2 100 km (1 300 mi) south from the Arctic Ocean to the northern border of Kazakhstan. The KumaManych Depression (more precisely, the Manych River, the KumaManych Canal, and the Kuma River) remains cited less commonly as one possible natural boundary in contemporary sources. The continents have not always been where they are today.

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