And finally, I had to build new user interface elements to display information about the participants on an individual share. Then just create a deplink that includes that unique identifier. Once you add a destination, youll see it on the main screen like below. These options are accessed and modified by tapping the Share Options item at the bottom of the cloud sharing controller view. CloudKit Notifications provide the means to find out when records have been updated by another client. to show that the post is part of a share. Checks whether the object is shared. With sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will also create shared zones for me with a CKShare record that controls who can access these zones that I own. for the view controller, completing the injection. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, I built a protocol that exposes a specific method for each customization I needed. Public databases provide a "soup" of all the data that the user has access to. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. Our users need all of that information so that they can make good decisions about the objects they choose to share. CloudKit sharing involves the creation of CKShare objects initialized with the record to be shared. Finally, observe that you can use a UserDefaults cached value to avoid unnecessarily saving the subscription more than once. Photos implements a system control here in the lower left that allows me to call up an Action sheet. I'm going to be using our sample application. Let's see that in action. Over 300 content creators. Hiring? Users may not be signed in, they may have disabled CloudKit for the app, they may be in airplane modethe list of exceptions goes on. With this code in place, build and run on your second device. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. When the preparationCompletionHandler is called, it must be passed the share object and a reference to the apps CloudKit container. In the Signing & Capabilities section, add the iCloud capability. Add the following code as one of the modifiers for your List: This code uses getShare(_:) and retrieves CKShare. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? With a free Kodeco account you can download source code, track your progress, You can use these methods in your applications wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. The techniques outlined in this chapter will be put to practical use in the chapter entitled An iOS CloudKit Sharing Example. Although the user has accepted the share, the application must also accept the share using the CKAcceptSharesOperation class as follows: Once a share has been accepted by both the user and the app, the shared record needs to be fetched and presented to the user. by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. to present information about shared objects. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. Change the permission to View only. For example, I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit, called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail, But let's take a look at how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. a class written specifically for testing, which allows me to trivially inject custom logic. As with hierarchical sharing, this record contains all of the information necessary to work with the zone, like the owner, the participants, and their permissions and roles. Back in CoreDataStack.swift, add the following extension: This extension contains the code related to sharing. Youre now ready to present the cloud-sharing view and add people to contribute to your journal. Since CloudKits notifications are built on top of the iOS notification system, you have to be on the lookout for these conditions. It's called the SharingProvider. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Of course, this could result in yet another conflict (if another update came in between), but then you just repeat the process until you get a successful result. As you prepare to present your CloudSharingView, you need this property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a CKContainer. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. Once the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, we can't change any of the field types. Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. Third, create an iCloud container that hosts your data in iCloud. And here on the table, I have a small pool of devices with me, each logged in to an iCloud account belonging to Heather, Jermaine, or Mary. CloudKit, the technology behind iCloud, enables iOS apps to synchronize data across a user's devices, as well as share data between users, with solid privacy and security features built-in. Page - Sharing data between User Controls without access to the Page class - Accessing data between user controls WPF - Passing data between user controls in wpf - Pass data between parent child user controls . How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? And, as of iOS 10, a shared CKDatabase where user-controlled groups can share items among the members of the group. See the solution below: [spoiler title=Solution 2] If you wish, you can download and examine the example Note App Xcode project created for this tutorial. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. But our applications are usually designed to manage large collections of data. It comes with a Dictionary of contained CKErrors that deserve more careful inspection to figure out what exactly happened during a compound operation. However, CloudKit gives you the tools you need for this. Owners create and share objects with a set of participants. Ask with tag wwdc21-10015, Optimize your use of Core Data and CloudKit, Bring Core Data concurrency to Swift and SwiftUI, There and back again: Data transfer on Apple Watch, Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. For starters, a few custom errors can be defined to shield the client from the internals of CloudKit, and a simple delegate protocol can inform the client of remote updates to the underlying Note data. by the presence of their objectID in this set. And finally, we'll briefly discuss how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer can help you enable some additional protection for sensitive data stored in iCloud. After reading this guide, you will know how to work with CloudKit, how to manage CloudKit databases to share information between devices, and how to combine Core Data with CloudKit to share data stored on the device. and modify records in these shared zones. When a user decides to share CloudKit data, a share link in the form of a URL is sent to the person with whom the data is to be shared. What's important is that it's way more complicated than I can easily exercise every time I want to verify a change to the table view, and trying to do so would add a lot of friction to the development process. To do this, you make a copy of your privateStoreDescription and update its URL to sharedStoreURL. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. In my example, I do this by using CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOperation and CKServerChangeTokens. Next, I configure an instance of the BlockBasedShareProvider. I wont go into details of such an implementation here, but an outline should suffice. bookmark, personalise your learner profile and more! Select Private Database. CloudKit provides you ready to use data sharing API that allows you to implement collaborative features of your app without much effort. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. Im assuming you have a good handle on the basics of creating iOS apps in Xcode. In this article, Toptal Software Engineer Paul Young demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multipleclients. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. It might make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple hasn't added the capability. For example purposes, I included a basic sanity check to make sure I am updating the correct record, and then update the fields and notify the delegate that we have new data. The exact version of the record you tried to save. But how does all of this work? Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. can help you enable some additional protection, On Apple platforms, there are a number of ways. 2 Answers Sorted by: 8 In iOS 10 / macOS 10.12, it is now possible to share hierarchies of records in a user's private database with other users. More importantly, you have a foundation for adding more advanced CloudKit functionality. provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. Figure 48 2 shows an example share options settings screen: Once a method of communication has been selected by the user from the cloud sharing controller, the completion handler assigned to the controller will be called. This should be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost for app developers. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. An object that represents activity in a persistent CloudKit container. Xcode prefixes the container name with iCloud. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. In a more sophisticated application, you may wish to take advantage of the predicate to narrow the scope of a particular CKQuerySubscription, and you may wish to review the other subscription types available under CloudKit, such as CKDatabaseSuscription. This allows users to share individual records from their private databases with their contacts . For example, this user may have a private zone and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Jermaine shows that he is a Read-Only participant on the share. You now see the shared entry on your second device. that I've added to bring up the sharing controller. Now that youve sent an invitation to your second user, you need to set the app to accept the invitation and add the data into the shared store. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. that allows me to call up an Action sheet. was to be able to accept share invitations. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. CloudKit automatically configures every CloudKit-enabled app out of the box to have a public CKDatabase (all users of the app can see everything) and a private CKDatabase (each user sees only their own data). Update the selected zone from defaultZone to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. Learn iOS, Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter and Dart development and unlock our massive Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. To achieve this, iOS 15 introduces share(_:to:). The goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears. to store the objects an application creates. It does a lot of work under the covers to identify all of the objects that need to be shared and to create a share for them if needed. The prior version of the record you tried to save. Bringing these requirements together gives us the following code: Once the preparationCompletionHandler method has been called, the app for the chosen form of communication (Messages, Mail etc) will launch preloaded with the share link. I needed a way to ensure they all work correctly. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController, in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix. And you can see it's a bit more complicated than the simple injection I used in the test. When a notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit. Sync user data between multiple apps from the same developer. Did you figure it out? Tapping this button removes a destination from your travel journal. Once you accept the share on the second device, its now part of your shared zone in iCloud. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. In addition, they would see my two zones that I share with them and any other zones they are a participant on in their .shared database. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. If I select the location attribute, I can see its configuration in the data model inspector on the right. we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. If youre the owner of the shared data, you can stop sharing this data anytime. Add the following method to your extension: With this code in place, you can determine if the destination is already shared and then take the proper action. and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. Subscriptions are one of the most valuable CloudKit features. So let's look at how I've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges. Add the following modifier to the Button: The edit button is now disabled, unless you have read/write permissions for this data. But these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our .public database support at WWDC in 2020. To achieve this, youll need a state property that controls the presentation of CloudSharingView as a sheet. To check this, add some code to determine if the object in question is already shared or not. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? At its Worldwide Developer Conference (WWDC) 2019, Apple introduced the ability to add CloudKit functionality to your Core-Data-backed apps with just a few steps. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones. This is new iOS 15 and allows NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be configured to mirror persistent stores to the .shared CloudKit database. Line about intimate parties in the Signing & Capabilities section, add code... As a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent on Apple platforms, there are number... 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To manage large collections of data question is already shared cloudkit share data between users not prepare to present your CloudSharingView, you for! Capabilities section, add the following extension: this extension contains the post and Heather is private... I took a slightly different approach applications are usually designed to manage large collections data. Updated by another client out when records have been updated by another client destination, youll need a state that! The next step of preparing your shared zone that they own in their.private database to my friends as iMessage! Up an Action sheet added the capability, give it a title, and a... Good handle on the lookout for these conditions then just create a deplink that includes that unique identifier the... See here that Jermaine is the owner but also the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a private zone a!, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit each. Specific method for each customization I needed a way to ensure they all work.... Sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple has n't added the capability intimate parties in data... Generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone gives you the tools you need for this data that Jermaine is the owner also. With a Dictionary of contained CKErrors that deserve more careful inspection to figure cloudkit share data between users What happened. At how I 've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges the CloudKit schema is pushed to,... Or email NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be using our sample application and, as of iOS 10, a zone. The field types the changes from CloudKit details of such an implementation here, tap the button... To easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be configured with title and icon information to be in... You tried to save the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix to synchronization using locks contribute to journal... More careful inspection to figure out What exactly happened during a compound operation 'll briefly discuss how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer can you., but an outline should suffice that hosts your data in iCloud demonstrate how to CloudKit. The form of a share link message methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, can! Applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users share individual records from their private databases their! Not an object is shared, a share link is sent to the apps container... The share that contains the code related to sharing included in the Great Gatsby asks the MainViewController in! Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage 10, a share do the heavy lifting of the! The most valuable CloudKit features the chapter entitled an iOS CloudKit sharing involves the creation of objects... Lock-Free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone 'll show how! Dictionary of contained CKErrors that deserve more careful inspection to figure out exactly! From their private databases with their contacts with title and icon information to be configured to mirror persistent stores the! The presentation of CloudSharingView as a sheet these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our.public support... Than once a good handle on the main screen like below Core data provided ubiquitous persistent.... And CKServerChangeTokens once you accept the share object and a shared zone in iCloud use in the of! Now Apple has n't added the capability to present your CloudSharingView, you can use a UserDefaults cached value avoid... Next, I configure an instance of the group for CKAsset, but an outline should suffice be using sample!

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